MMarketMath

XOM

Fast growerQuality: Medium (58/100)2 red flags

ExxonMobil · Energy · Integrated Oil & Gas

$164.05

52w 108.35 – 176.41

20y monthly, adjusted

Mkt cap

$680.0B

P/E

23.9

P/FCF

29.2

FCF yield

3.4%

ROE

11.1%

Shldr yield

5.4%

div 2.5% + bb 2.9%

What today's price assumes

At $680.0B, the market is pricing in 12.8% annual free-cash-flow growth for the next decade (10% discount rate, 2.5% terminal growth). Over the last ten years, FCF actually grew 19.9% per year — expectations look undemanding relative to history.

Simple DCF per-share range: $87 · $195 · $281 (4% / base / optimistic growth). An estimate, not a target.

Adjust the assumptions yourself →

Historical multiple lens

At its own median P/OCF of 6.7× across 15 years, XOM would trade near $84/share (25th–75th percentile: $69–$103); it trades at 13.1× today.

Assumes the historical multiple regime persists — re-ratings can be permanent.

Growth record

Compound annual growth rates from as-filed 10-K data, split-adjusted

Rev 3y

−7.0%

Rev 5y

+13.2%

Rev 10y

+3.3%

EPS 5y

EPS 10y

+5.7%

FCF 5y

FCF 10y

+19.9%

Fundamentals

Fiscal 2009–2025, from SEC filings

Revenue

2009: $301.5B
2010: $370.1B
2011: $467.0B
2012: $451.5B
2013: $420.8B
2014: $394.1B
2015: $239.9B
2016: $200.6B
2017: $237.2B
2018: $279.3B
2019: $255.6B
2020: $178.6B
2021: $276.7B
2022: $413.7B
2023: $344.6B
2024: $349.6B
2025: $332.2B
$0$200.0B$400.0B
09
12
15
18
21
24

Net income

2009: $19.3B
2010: $30.5B
2011: $41.1B
2012: $44.9B
2013: $32.6B
2014: $32.5B
2015: $16.1B
2016: $7.8B
2017: $19.7B
2018: $20.8B
2019: $14.3B
2020: −$22.4B
2021: $23.0B
2022: $55.7B
2023: $36.0B
2024: $33.7B
2025: $28.8B
−$20.0B$0$20.0B$40.0B
09
12
15
18
21
24

Free cash flow

2009: $5.9B
2010: $21.5B
2011: $24.4B
2012: $21.9B
2013: $11.2B
2014: $12.2B
2015: $3.9B
2016: $5.9B
2017: $14.7B
2018: $16.4B
2019: $5.4B
2020: −$2.6B
2021: $36.1B
2022: $58.4B
2023: $33.5B
2024: $30.7B
2025: $23.6B
$0$20.0B$40.0B
09
12
15
18
21
24

Diluted shares (lower is better)

2011: 4.9B
2012: 4.6B
2013: 4.4B
2014: 4.3B
2015: 4.2B
2016: 4.2B
2017: 4.3B
2018: 4.3B
2019: 4.3B
2020: 4.3B
2021: 4.3B
2022: 4.2B
2023: 4.1B
2024: 4.3B
2025: 4.3B
02.0B4.0B
09
12
15
18
21
24

Margins

-10%0%10%091215182124
Net marginFCF margin

Capital returned (dividends + buybacks)

2009: $27.7B
2010: $21.6B
2011: $31.1B
2012: $31.2B
2013: $26.9B
2014: $24.8B
2015: $16.1B
2016: $13.4B
2017: $13.7B
2018: $14.4B
2019: $15.2B
2020: $15.3B
2021: $15.1B
2022: $30.1B
2023: $32.7B
2024: $36.3B
2025: $37.5B
$0$10.0B$20.0B$30.0B
09
12
15
18
21
24

Cash vs long-term debt

$0$20.0B$40.0B091215182124
CashLT debt

Quarterly

Discrete quarters from 10-Q filings; Q4 derived as fiscal year minus Q1–Q3. OCF is unwound from the year-to-date figures 10-Qs report. Compare to the same quarter a year ago — most businesses are seasonal.

Revenue by quarter

Q1'23: $83.6B
Q2'23: $80.8B
Q3'23: $90.8B
Q4'23: $89.4B
Q1'24: $83.1B
Q2'24: $93.1B
Q3'24: $90.0B
Q4'24: $83.4B
Q1'25: $83.1B
Q2'25: $81.5B
Q3'25: $85.3B
Q4'25: $82.3B
Q1'26: $85.1B
$0$25.0B$50.0B$75.0B
23
23
24
25
26

Net income by quarter

Q1'23: $11.4B
Q2'23: $7.9B
Q3'23: $9.1B
Q4'23: $7.6B
Q1'24: $8.2B
Q2'24: $9.2B
Q3'24: $8.6B
Q4'24: $7.6B
Q1'25: $7.7B
Q2'25: $7.1B
Q3'25: $7.5B
Q4'25: $6.5B
Q1'26: $4.2B
$0$5.0B$10.0B
23
23
24
25
26
QuarterRevenueYoYNet incomeYoYEPSOCF
Q1'26$85.1B+2.4%$4.2B−45.8%1.00$8.7B
Q4'25 *$82.3B−1.3%$6.5B−14.6%1.54$12.7B
Q3'25$85.3B−5.2%$7.5B−12.3%1.76$14.8B
Q2'25$81.5B−12.4%$7.1B−23.4%1.64$11.6B
Q1'25$83.1B+0.1%$7.7B−6.2%1.76$13.0B
Q4'24 *$83.4B−6.7%$7.6B−0.3%1.72$12.2B
Q3'24$90.0B−0.8%$8.6B−5.1%1.92$17.6B
Q2'24$93.1B+15.2%$9.2B+17.3%2.14$10.6B
Q1'24$83.1B−0.7%$8.2B−28.1%2.06$14.7B
Q4'23 *$89.4B−17.4%$7.6B−40.2%1.91$13.7B
Q3'23$90.8B−14.8%$9.1B−53.9%2.25$16.0B
Q2'23$80.8B−27.4%$7.9B−55.9%1.94$9.4B
Q1'23$83.6B−4.7%$11.4B+108.6%2.79$16.3B

Track record

Compound annual growth by period. For debt and share count, negative is the good direction.

Series3y5y10y15y
Revenue−7.0%+13.2%+3.3%−0.7%
Operating cash flow−12.2%+28.8%+5.5%+0.5%
Free cash flow−26.1%+28.1%+19.9%+0.6%
EPS (diluted)−20.4%+12.2%+5.7%+0.5%
Equity+10.0%+10.5%+4.3%+3.9%
LT debt−5.5%−6.2%+6.2%+7.1%
Diluted shares+0.8%+0.2%+0.3%
Stock price+17.4%+28.9%+11.2%+9.5%

$100, 3 years ago

$162vs $176 in SPY

17.4% vs 20.7%/yr

$100, 5 years ago

$356vs $181 in SPY

28.9% vs 12.6%/yr

$100, 10 years ago

$288vs $412 in SPY

11.2% vs 15.2%/yr

$100, 15 years ago

$392vs $813 in SPY

9.5% vs 15.0%/yr

The $1 test — market value created per $1 of earnings retained (Buffett's hurdle: at least $1)

Last 5 years

$4.53

$446.2B created / $98.6B retained

Last 10 years

$5.60

$392.6B created / $70.1B retained

Quality & capital discipline

Cash-based returns and how management deploys capital

Cash ROIC

17.7%

OCF ÷ (equity + debt)

OCF / EV yield

7.3%

MC vs 10× OCF

1.33

≤1 = priced under 10× OCF

Debt / FCF

1.5y

SBC / FCF

Owner earnings

$23.6B

OCF − capex − SBC

OE yield

3.4%

Share count 5y

−0.9%

per year; negative = buybacks

Growth engine (5y): reinvested 28.9% of operating cash flow at an incremental return of 45.0% — an organically fundable growth rate of about 13.0% per year (growth ≈ reinvestment rate × incremental ROIC).

Checklist

17 of 21 checks pass · 81%. Checks with structurally missing inputs are excluded.

Growth & Consistency

4/5

  • Revenue growth

    13.2% · 5y CAGR ≥ 5%

    pass
  • EPS growth

    · 5y CAGR ≥ 5%

    na
  • FCF growth

    · 5y CAGR ≥ 5%

    na
  • Revenue rises consistently

    5 of 9 · up in ≥ 7 of last 10 years

    fail
  • FCF consistently positive

    9 of 10 · positive in ≥ 8 of last 10 years

    pass
  • Profitable every year

    9 of 10 · net income > 0 in ≥ 8 of last 10

    pass
  • Cash flow keeps up with sales

    28.8% vs 13.2% · OCF CAGR ≥ 0.9× revenue CAGR

    pass

Profitability

4/5

  • Net margin

    8.7% · ≥ 8%

    pass
  • Operating margin

    · ≥ 10%

    na
  • Gross margin stable or rising

    · no drop > 2 pts over 3y

    na
  • Return on equity

    11.1% · ≥ 12%

    fail
  • Cash ROIC

    17.7% · ≥ 12%

    pass
  • FCF margin

    7.1% · ≥ 5%

    pass
  • Earnings back their cash

    OCF $52.0B vs NI $28.8B · OCF ≥ net income (latest FY)

    pass

Balance Sheet

3/4

  • Debt payable from cash flow

    1.5y · LT debt ≤ 3× FCF

    pass
  • Cash cushion

    31% · cash ≥ 50% of LT debt

    fail
  • Leverage

    0.13 · LT debt ≤ 1.5× equity

    pass
  • Equity positive and compounding

    $259.4B · equity > 0 and grew over ~5y

    pass
  • Interest burden

    · interest ≤ 15% of operating income

    na

Capital Allocation

2/3

  • Share count flat or shrinking

    -0.9% · ≤ +0.5%/yr over ~5y

    pass
  • Stock comp restrained

    · SBC ≤ 15% of FCF

    na
  • Distributions funded by FCF

    159% · dividends + buybacks ≤ 100% of FCF

    fail
  • Repurchases are a habit

    10 of 10 · buybacks in ≥ 5 of last 10 years

    pass

Valuation Discipline

4/4

  • FCF yield

    3.4% · ≥ 3%

    pass
  • Earnings multiple

    23.9 · P/E ≤ 25

    pass
  • Price asks less than history delivered

    12.8% vs 19.9% · implied FCF growth ≤ historical FCF CAGR

    pass
  • Shareholder yield

    5.4% · dividends + buybacks ≥ 2% of market cap

    pass

Red flags

Mechanical checks — a flag is a question to investigate, not a verdict

Revenue declining

Latest fiscal-year revenue fell more than 3% versus the prior year.

Distributions exceed FCF

Dividends plus buybacks exceeded free cash flow in the latest fiscal year.

Financial data

As filed in 10-Ks; per-share figures split-adjusted. $ in millions.

FYRevenueGross profitOp incomeNet incomeEPSOCFCapExFCFDividendsBuybacksSBCCashLT debtEquityShares
2025332,23828,8446.7051,97028,35823,61217,23120,27310,68134,241259,3864,305
2024349,58533,6807.8455,02224,30630,71616,70419,62923,02936,755263,7054,298
2023344,58236,0108.8955,36921,91933,45014,94117,74831,53937,483204,8024,052
2022413,68055,74013.2676,79718,40758,39014,93915,15529,64040,559195,0494,205
2021276,69223,0405.3948,12912,07636,05314,9241556,80243,428168,5774,275
2020178,574-22,440-5.2514,66817,282-2,61414,8654054,36447,182157,1504,271
2019255,58314,3403.3629,71624,3615,35514,6525943,08926,342191,6504,270
2018279,33220,8404.8836,01419,57416,44013,7986263,04220,538191,7944,270
2017237,16219,7104.6330,06615,40214,66413,0017473,17723,100187,6884,256
2016200,6287,8401.8822,08216,1635,91912,4539773,65727,700167,3254,177
2015239,85416,1503.8530,34426,4903,85412,0904,0393,70518,700170,8114,196
2014394,10532,5207.6045,11632,95212,16411,56813,1834,61611,300174,3994,282
2013420,83632,5807.3744,91433,66911,24510,87515,9984,6446,500174,0034,419
2012451,50944,8809.7056,17034,27121,89910,09221,0689,5827,500165,8634,628
2011467,02941,0608.4255,34530,97524,3709,02022,05512,6649,322154,3964,875
2010370,12530,4606.2248,41326,87121,5428,49813,0937,82512,227146,839
2009301,50019,2803.9828,43822,4915,9478,02319,70310,6937,129110,569

Some concepts are structurally absent for certain industries (banks report no gross profit or capex). Missing ≠ zero.