MMarketMath

PNC

StalwartQuality: Medium (47/100)1 red flag

PNC Financial Services · Financials · Diversified Banks

$243.68

52w 176.88 – 258.96

20y monthly, adjusted

Mkt cap

$97.2B

P/E

13.8

P/FCF

22.0

FCF yield

4.5%

ROE

11.5%

Shldr yield

4.1%

div 2.7% + bb 1.4%

What today's price assumes

At $97.2B, the market is pricing in 9.0% annual free-cash-flow growth for the next decade (10% discount rate, 2.5% terminal growth). Over the last ten years, FCF actually grew -2.3% per year — the price asks for acceleration beyond the historical record.

Simple DCF per-share range: $107 · $107 · $132 (4% / base / optimistic growth). An estimate, not a target.

Adjust the assumptions yourself →

Historical multiple lens

At its own median P/OCF of 5.7× across 18 years, PNC would trade near $63/share (25th–75th percentile: $48–$111); it trades at 22.2× today.

Assumes the historical multiple regime persists — re-ratings can be permanent.

Growth record

Compound annual growth rates from as-filed 10-K data, split-adjusted

Rev 3y

+3.0%

Rev 5y

+6.4%

Rev 10y

+4.3%

EPS 5y

−0.4%

EPS 10y

+8.4%

FCF 5y

−1.2%

FCF 10y

−2.3%

Fundamentals

Fiscal 2007–2025, from SEC filings

Revenue

2007: $5.9B
2008: $6.3B
2009: $16.2B
2010: $15.2B
2011: $14.3B
2012: $15.5B
2013: $16.0B
2014: $15.4B
2015: $15.2B
2016: $15.2B
2017: $16.3B
2018: $16.2B
2019: $16.8B
2020: $16.9B
2021: $19.2B
2022: $21.1B
2023: $21.5B
2024: $21.6B
2025: $23.1B
$0$10.0B$20.0B
07
11
15
19
23

Net income

2007: $1.5B
2008: $914.0M
2009: $2.4B
2010: $3.4B
2011: $3.1B
2012: $3.0B
2013: $4.2B
2014: $4.2B
2015: $4.1B
2016: $4.0B
2017: $5.4B
2018: $5.3B
2019: $5.4B
2020: $7.6B
2021: $5.7B
2022: $6.1B
2023: $5.6B
2024: $6.0B
2025: $7.0B
$0$2.0B$4.0B$6.0B
07
11
15
19
23

Free cash flow

2007: −$416.0M
2008: $7.4B
2009: $5.8B
2010: $4.8B
2011: $6.0B
2012: $6.8B
2013: $5.6B
2014: $5.6B
2015: $5.5B
2016: $3.5B
2017: $5.6B
2018: $7.8B
2019: $7.4B
2020: $4.7B
2021: $7.2B
2022: $9.1B
2023: $10.1B
2024: $7.9B
2025: $4.4B
$0$5.0B$10.0B
07
11
15
19
23

Diluted shares (lower is better)

2007: 334.0M
2008: 346.0M
2009: 455.0M
2010: 520.0M
2011: 526.0M
2012: 529.0M
2013: 532.0M
2014: 537.0M
2015: 521.0M
2016: 500.0M
2017: 486.0M
2018: 470.0M
2019: 448.0M
2020: 427.0M
2021: 426.0M
2022: 412.0M
2023: 401.0M
2024: 400.0M
2025: 396.0M
0200.0M400.0M
07
11
15
19
23

Margins

0%50%100%07101316192225
Net marginFCF margin

Capital returned (dividends + buybacks)

2007: $1.8B
2008: $1.1B
2009: $618.0M
2010: $408.0M
2011: $677.0M
2012: $1.0B
2013: $935.0M
2014: $2.2B
2015: $3.2B
2016: $3.1B
2017: $3.7B
2018: $4.5B
2019: $5.5B
2020: $3.6B
2021: $3.1B
2022: $6.1B
2023: $3.1B
2024: $3.2B
2025: $4.0B
$0$2.0B$4.0B$6.0B
07
11
15
19
23

Cash vs long-term debt

$0$25.0B$50.0B$75.0B07101316192225
CashLT debt

Quarterly

Discrete quarters from 10-Q filings; Q4 derived as fiscal year minus Q1–Q3. OCF is unwound from the year-to-date figures 10-Qs report. Compare to the same quarter a year ago — most businesses are seasonal.

Revenue by quarter

Q2'23: $5.3B
Q3'23: $5.2B
Q4'23: $5.4B
Q1'24: $5.1B
Q2'24: $5.4B
Q3'24: $5.4B
Q4'24: $5.6B
Q1'25: $5.5B
Q2'25: $5.7B
Q3'25: $5.9B
Q4'25: $6.1B
Q1'26: $6.2B
Q2'26: $6.9B
$0$2.0B$4.0B$6.0B
23
24
24
25
26

Net income by quarter

Q2'23: $1.5B
Q3'23: $1.6B
Q4'23: $883.0M
Q1'24: $1.3B
Q2'24: $1.5B
Q3'24: $1.5B
Q4'24: $1.6B
Q1'25: $1.5B
Q2'25: $1.6B
Q3'25: $1.8B
Q4'25: $2.0B
Q1'26: $1.8B
Q2'26: $2.0B
$0$1.0B$2.0B
23
24
24
25
26
QuarterRevenueYoYNet incomeYoYEPSOCF
Q2'26$6.9B+21.4%$2.0B+25.4%4.81$2.1B
Q1'26$6.2B+13.1%$1.8B+18.2%4.13$1.9B
Q4'25 *$6.1B+9.1%$2.0B+25.9%4.88$757.0M
Q3'25$5.9B+8.9%$1.8B+21.1%4.35$2.7B
Q2'25$5.7B+4.6%$1.6B+10.2%3.85$1.5B
Q1'25$5.5B+6.0%$1.5B+11.5%3.51−$509.0M
Q4'24 *$5.6B+3.8%$1.6B+84.3%3.76$1.8B
Q3'24$5.4B+3.8%$1.5B−4.1%3.49$3.3B
Q2'24$5.4B+2.2%$1.5B−1.5%3.39$1.0B
Q1'24$5.1B−8.2%$1.3B−20.7%3.10$1.8B
Q4'23 *$5.4B−7.0%$883.0M−43.0%1.85$4.9B
Q3'23$5.2B−5.7%$1.6B−4.3%3.60$115.0M
Q2'23$5.3B+3.5%$1.5B+0.3%3.36$3.3B

Track record

Compound annual growth by period. For debt and share count, negative is the good direction.

Series3y5y10y15y
Revenue+3.0%+6.4%+4.3%+2.8%
Operating cash flow−21.6%−1.2%−2.3%−0.6%
Free cash flow−21.6%−1.2%−2.3%−0.6%
EPS (diluted)+6.2%−0.4%+8.4%+7.3%
Equity+9.8%+2.3%+3.1%+4.7%
LT debt−0.9%
Diluted shares−1.3%−1.5%−2.7%−1.8%
Stock price+31.1%+8.9%+14.1%+14.5%

$100, 3 years ago

$226vs $176 in SPY

31.1% vs 20.7%/yr

$100, 5 years ago

$153vs $181 in SPY

8.9% vs 12.6%/yr

$100, 10 years ago

$375vs $412 in SPY

14.1% vs 15.2%/yr

$100, 15 years ago

$761vs $813 in SPY

14.5% vs 15.0%/yr

The $1 test — market value created per $1 of earnings retained (Buffett's hurdle: at least $1)

Last 5 years

$2.00

$36.7B created / $18.4B retained

Last 10 years

$1.44

$54.9B created / $38.2B retained

Quality & capital discipline

Cash-based returns and how management deploys capital

Cash ROIC

3.7%

OCF ÷ (equity + debt)

OCF / EV yield

3.9%

MC vs 10× OCF

2.20

≤1 = priced under 10× OCF

Debt / FCF

13.0y

SBC / FCF

Owner earnings

$4.4B

OCF − capex − SBC

OE yield

4.5%

Share count 5y

+1.0%

per year; negative = buybacks

Growth engine (5y): reinvested 80.1% of operating cash flow at an incremental return of -0.9% — an organically fundable growth rate of about -0.7% per year (growth ≈ reinvestment rate × incremental ROIC).

Checklist

14 of 23 checks pass · 61%. Checks with structurally missing inputs are excluded.

Growth & Consistency

4/7

  • Revenue growth

    6.4% · 5y CAGR ≥ 5%

    pass
  • EPS growth

    -0.4% · 5y CAGR ≥ 5%

    fail
  • FCF growth

    -1.2% · 5y CAGR ≥ 5%

    fail
  • Revenue rises consistently

    8 of 9 · up in ≥ 7 of last 10 years

    pass
  • FCF consistently positive

    10 of 10 · positive in ≥ 8 of last 10 years

    pass
  • Profitable every year

    10 of 10 · net income > 0 in ≥ 8 of last 10

    pass
  • Cash flow keeps up with sales

    -1.2% vs 6.4% · OCF CAGR ≥ 0.9× revenue CAGR

    fail

Profitability

2/5

  • Net margin

    30.3% · ≥ 8%

    pass
  • Operating margin

    · ≥ 10%

    na
  • Gross margin stable or rising

    · no drop > 2 pts over 3y

    na
  • Return on equity

    11.5% · ≥ 12%

    fail
  • Cash ROIC

    3.7% · ≥ 12%

    fail
  • FCF margin

    19.0% · ≥ 5%

    pass
  • Earnings back their cash

    OCF $4.4B vs NI $7.0B · OCF ≥ net income (latest FY)

    fail

Balance Sheet

3/4

  • Debt payable from cash flow

    13.0y · LT debt ≤ 3× FCF

    fail
  • Cash cushion

    70% · cash ≥ 50% of LT debt

    pass
  • Leverage

    0.94 · LT debt ≤ 1.5× equity

    pass
  • Equity positive and compounding

    $60.6B · equity > 0 and grew over ~5y

    pass
  • Interest burden

    · interest ≤ 15% of operating income

    na

Capital Allocation

2/3

  • Share count flat or shrinking

    1.0% · ≤ +0.5%/yr over ~5y

    fail
  • Stock comp restrained

    · SBC ≤ 15% of FCF

    na
  • Distributions funded by FCF

    91% · dividends + buybacks ≤ 100% of FCF

    pass
  • Repurchases are a habit

    10 of 10 · buybacks in ≥ 5 of last 10 years

    pass

Valuation Discipline

3/4

  • FCF yield

    4.5% · ≥ 3%

    pass
  • Earnings multiple

    13.8 · P/E ≤ 25

    pass
  • Price asks less than history delivered

    9.0% vs -2.3% · implied FCF growth ≤ historical FCF CAGR

    fail
  • Shareholder yield

    4.1% · dividends + buybacks ≥ 2% of market cap

    pass

Red flags

Mechanical checks — a flag is a question to investigate, not a verdict

Heavy debt load

Long-term debt exceeds 5 years of free cash flow.

Financial data

As filed in 10-Ks; per-share figures split-adjusted. $ in millions.

FYRevenueGross profitOp incomeNet incomeEPSOCFCapExFCFDividendsBuybacksSBCCashLT debtEquityShares
202523,0996,99716.594,3844,3842,6351,33839,71357,10160,585396
202421,5555,95313.747,8807,8802,53768746,25161,67354,425400
202321,4905,64712.7910,11110,1112,46165150,72572,73751,105401
202221,1206,11313.859,0839,0832,3913,73134,36358,72645,774412
202119,2115,72512.707,2147,2142,0561,07982,25455,695426
202016,9017,55816.964,6594,6591,9801,6247,01754,010427
201916,8395,41811.397,3637,3631,8953,5785,06149,314448
201816,1905,34610.717,8407,8401,6012,8775,60847,728470
201716,3295,38810.365,5795,5791,2662,4472005,24947,513486
201615,1623,9857.303,5003,5001,0612,06220045,699500
201515,2254,1437.395,5255,5251,0382,15220044,710521
201415,3754,2077.305,5855,5851,0001,17620044,551537
201316,0124,2127.365,5555,5559112415442,334532
201215,5122,9945.286,8276,82782021610139,003529
201114,3263,0715.646,0356,0356047310334,053526
201015,1763,3975.744,8124,81220420410730,242520
200916,2282,4034.365,7545,7544301889329,942455
20086,2969142.447,4147,4149022347125,422346
20075,8911,4914.32-416-41680696316,508334

Some concepts are structurally absent for certain industries (banks report no gross profit or capex). Missing ≠ zero.