MMarketMath

PCAR

StalwartQuality: High (72/100)2 red flags

Paccar · Industrials · Construction Machinery & Heavy Transportation Equipment

$129.94

52w 92.25 – 139.24

20y monthly, adjusted

Mkt cap

$68.4B

P/E

29.0

P/FCF

18.8

FCF yield

5.3%

ROE

12.3%

Shldr yield

3.3%

div 3.3% + bb 0.1%

What today's price assumes

At $68.4B, the market is pricing in 6.9% annual free-cash-flow growth for the next decade (10% discount rate, 2.5% terminal growth). Over the last ten years, FCF actually grew 4.9% per year — the price asks for acceleration beyond the historical record.

Simple DCF per-share range: $106 · $114 · $142 (4% / base / optimistic growth). An estimate, not a target.

Adjust the assumptions yourself →

Historical multiple lens

At its own median P/OCF of 4.8× across 18 years, PCAR would trade near $40/share (25th–75th percentile: $33–$89); it trades at 15.5× today.

Assumes the historical multiple regime persists — re-ratings can be permanent.

Growth record

Compound annual growth rates from as-filed 10-K data, split-adjusted

Rev 3y

−0.4%

Rev 5y

+8.7%

Rev 10y

+4.1%

EPS 5y

+12.5%

EPS 10y

−0.1%

FCF 5y

+8.6%

FCF 10y

+4.9%

Fundamentals

Fiscal 2008–2025, from SEC filings

Revenue

2008: $15.0B
2009: $8.1B
2010: $10.3B
2011: $16.4B
2012: $17.1B
2013: $17.1B
2014: $19.0B
2015: $19.1B
2016: $17.0B
2017: $19.5B
2018: $23.5B
2019: $25.6B
2020: $18.7B
2021: $23.5B
2022: $28.8B
2023: $35.1B
2024: $33.7B
2025: $28.4B
$0$10.0B$20.0B$30.0B
08
11
14
17
20
23

Net income

2008: $1.0B
2009: $111.9M
2010: $457.6M
2011: $1.0B
2012: $1.1B
2013: $1.2B
2014: $1.4B
2015: $1.6B
2016: $521.7M
2017: $1.7B
2018: $2.2B
2019: $2.4B
2020: $1.3B
2021: $1.9B
2022: $3.0B
2023: $4.6B
2024: $4.2B
2025: $2.4B
$0$2.0B$4.0B
08
11
14
17
20
23

Free cash flow

2008: $842.1M
2009: $1.2B
2010: $1.4B
2011: $1.3B
2012: $1.0B
2013: $1.9B
2014: $1.8B
2015: $2.3B
2016: $1.9B
2017: $2.3B
2018: $2.5B
2019: $2.3B
2020: $2.4B
2021: $1.6B
2022: $2.5B
2023: $3.5B
2024: $3.8B
2025: $3.7B
$0$1.0B$2.0B$3.0B
08
11
14
17
20
23

Diluted shares (lower is better)

2008: 363.1M
2009: 362.1M
2010: 363.4M
2011: 361.6M
2012: 353.1M
2013: 352.5M
2014: 353.4M
2015: 352.9M
2016: 352.9M
2017: 352.9M
2018: 351.8M
2019: 347.5M
2020: 521.2M
2021: 522.7M
2022: 523.4M
2023: 525.0M
2024: 526.6M
2025: 526.8M
0200.0M400.0M
08
11
14
17
20
23

Margins

5%10%15%081114172023
Net marginFCF margin

Capital returned (dividends + buybacks)

2008: $859.8M
2009: $232.1M
2010: $251.7M
2011: $555.0M
2012: $971.6M
2013: $283.1M
2014: $666.5M
2015: $882.1M
2016: $899.8M
2017: $558.3M
2018: $1.2B
2019: $1.2B
2020: $1.3B
2021: $709.5M
2022: $1.0B
2023: $1.5B
2024: $2.3B
2025: $2.3B
$0$1.0B$2.0B
08
11
14
17
20
23

Cash vs long-term debt

$2.0B$3.0B081114172023
CashLT debt

Quarterly

Discrete quarters from 10-Q filings; Q4 derived as fiscal year minus Q1–Q3. OCF is unwound from the year-to-date figures 10-Qs report. Compare to the same quarter a year ago — most businesses are seasonal.

Revenue by quarter

Q2'23: $8.9B
Q3'23: $8.7B
Q4'23: $9.1B
Q1'24: $8.7B
Q2'24: $8.8B
Q3'24: $8.2B
Q4'24: $7.9B
Q1'25: $7.4B
Q2'25: $7.5B
Q3'25: $6.7B
Q4'25: $6.8B
Q1'26: $6.8B
Q2'26: $7.5B
$0$2.5B$5.0B$7.5B
23
24
24
25
26

Net income by quarter

Q2'23: $1.2B
Q3'23: $1.2B
Q4'23: $1.4B
Q1'24: $1.2B
Q2'24: $1.1B
Q3'24: $972.1M
Q4'24: $872.0M
Q1'25: $505.1M
Q2'25: $723.8M
Q3'25: $590.0M
Q4'25: $556.9M
Q1'26: $605.3M
Q2'26: $752.0M
$0$500.0M$1.0B
23
24
24
25
26
QuarterRevenueYoYNet incomeYoYEPSOCF
Q2'26$7.5B+0.5%$752.0M+3.9%1.43$700.8M
Q1'26$6.8B−8.9%$605.3M+19.8%1.15$971.8M
Q4'25 *$6.8B−13.7%$556.9M−36.1%1.06$1.1B
Q3'25$6.7B−19.0%$590.0M−39.3%1.12$1.5B
Q2'25$7.5B−14.4%$723.8M−35.5%1.37$833.4M
Q1'25$7.4B−14.9%$505.1M−57.7%0.96$910.3M
Q4'24 *$7.9B−12.9%$872.0M−38.5%1.65$1.4B
Q3'24$8.2B−5.2%$972.1M−20.9%1.85$1.3B
Q2'24$8.8B−1.2%$1.1B−8.1%2.13$440.0M
Q1'24$8.7B+3.2%$1.2B+62.9%2.27$1.5B
Q4'23 *$9.1B+11.7%$1.4B+53.8%2.69$1.2B
Q3'23$8.7B+23.2%$1.2B+59.7%2.34$1.3B
Q2'23$8.9B+24.1%$1.2B+69.5%2.33$975.5M

Track record

Compound annual growth by period. For debt and share count, negative is the good direction.

Series3y5y10y15y
Revenue−0.4%+8.7%+4.1%+7.0%
Operating cash flow+13.4%+8.1%+5.6%+7.2%
Free cash flow+13.7%+8.6%+4.9%+6.7%
EPS (diluted)−7.8%+12.5%−0.1%+8.9%
Equity+13.5%+12.8%+10.7%+8.9%
LT debt
Diluted shares+0.2%+0.2%+4.1%+2.5%
Stock price+20.7%+23.3%+16.7%+15.7%

$100, 3 years ago

$176vs $176 in SPY

20.7% vs 20.7%/yr

$100, 5 years ago

$285vs $181 in SPY

23.3% vs 12.6%/yr

$100, 10 years ago

$467vs $412 in SPY

16.7% vs 15.2%/yr

$100, 15 years ago

$886vs $813 in SPY

15.7% vs 15.0%/yr

The $1 test — market value created per $1 of earnings retained (Buffett's hurdle: at least $1)

Last 5 years

$4.64

$38.2B created / $8.2B retained

Last 10 years

$4.81

$56.4B created / $11.7B retained

Quality & capital discipline

Cash-based returns and how management deploys capital

Cash ROIC

22.9%

OCF ÷ (equity + debt)

OCF / EV yield

6.4%

MC vs 10× OCF

1.56

≤1 = priced under 10× OCF

Debt / FCF

SBC / FCF

0.7%

Owner earnings

$3.6B

OCF − capex − SBC

OE yield

5.3%

Share count 5y

+2.2%

per year; negative = buybacks

Growth engine (5y): reinvested 47.3% of operating cash flow at an incremental return of 16.4% — an organically fundable growth rate of about 7.7% per year (growth ≈ reinvestment rate × incremental ROIC).

Checklist

20 of 24 checks pass · 83%. Checks with structurally missing inputs are excluded.

Growth & Consistency

6/7

  • Revenue growth

    8.7% · 5y CAGR ≥ 5%

    pass
  • EPS growth

    12.5% · 5y CAGR ≥ 5%

    pass
  • FCF growth

    8.6% · 5y CAGR ≥ 5%

    pass
  • Revenue rises consistently

    6 of 9 · up in ≥ 7 of last 10 years

    fail
  • FCF consistently positive

    10 of 10 · positive in ≥ 8 of last 10 years

    pass
  • Profitable every year

    10 of 10 · net income > 0 in ≥ 8 of last 10

    pass
  • Cash flow keeps up with sales

    8.1% vs 8.7% · OCF CAGR ≥ 0.9× revenue CAGR

    pass

Profitability

5/5

  • Net margin

    8.4% · ≥ 8%

    pass
  • Operating margin

    · ≥ 10%

    na
  • Gross margin stable or rising

    · no drop > 2 pts over 3y

    na
  • Return on equity

    12.3% · ≥ 12%

    pass
  • Cash ROIC

    22.9% · ≥ 12%

    pass
  • FCF margin

    12.9% · ≥ 5%

    pass
  • Earnings back their cash

    OCF $4.4B vs NI $2.4B · OCF ≥ net income (latest FY)

    pass

Balance Sheet

4/4

  • Debt payable from cash flow

    no debt · LT debt ≤ 3× FCF

    pass
  • Cash cushion

    · cash ≥ 50% of LT debt

    pass
  • Leverage

    · LT debt ≤ 1.5× equity

    pass
  • Equity positive and compounding

    $19.3B · equity > 0 and grew over ~5y

    pass
  • Interest burden

    · interest ≤ 15% of operating income

    na

Capital Allocation

3/4

  • Share count flat or shrinking

    2.2% · ≤ +0.5%/yr over ~5y

    fail
  • Stock comp restrained

    1% · SBC ≤ 15% of FCF

    pass
  • Distributions funded by FCF

    63% · dividends + buybacks ≤ 100% of FCF

    pass
  • Repurchases are a habit

    9 of 10 · buybacks in ≥ 5 of last 10 years

    pass

Valuation Discipline

2/4

  • FCF yield

    5.3% · ≥ 3%

    pass
  • Earnings multiple

    29.0 · P/E ≤ 25

    fail
  • Price asks less than history delivered

    6.9% vs 4.9% · implied FCF growth ≤ historical FCF CAGR

    fail
  • Shareholder yield

    3.3% · dividends + buybacks ≥ 2% of market cap

    pass

Red flags

Mechanical checks — a flag is a question to investigate, not a verdict

Revenue declining

Latest fiscal-year revenue fell more than 3% versus the prior year.

Shareholder dilution

Diluted share count has grown by more than 2% per year over ~5 years.

Financial data

As filed in 10-Ks; per-share figures split-adjusted. $ in millions.

FYRevenueGross profitOp incomeNet incomeEPSOCFCapExFCFDividendsBuybacksSBCCashLT debtEquityShares
202528,4452,3764.514,4167433,6732,267362419,264527
202433,6644,1627.904,6418393,8022,28952317,507527
202335,1274,6018.764,1906953,4951,51942115,879525
202228,8203,0125.753,0275252,5021,00521713,167523
202123,5221,8663.572,1875591,62870821511,594523
202018,7291,3012.502,9875502,4371,240421310,533521
201925,6002,3886.872,8605742,2861,139110159,706348
201823,4962,1956.242,9924582,535804354133,4368,593352
201719,4561,6754.752,7164232,292558132,3658,051353
201617,0335220.002,3013751,92682971131,9166,778353
201519,1151,6044.542,5562872,269681202152,0166,940353
201418,9971,3593.852,1242981,82562443161,7386,753353
201317,1241,1713.332,3765111,865283141,7506,634353
201217,0511,1123.141,5195151,004810162141,2725,847353
201116,3551,0422.881,5933411,252217338142,1075,364362
201010,2934581.261,5511681,38325292,0415,358363
20098,0871120.311,3731281,2462320101,9125,104362
200814,9731,0182.801,305463842629231101,9554,847363

Some concepts are structurally absent for certain industries (banks report no gross profit or capex). Missing ≠ zero.