MMarketMath

CIEN

StalwartQuality: Medium (51/100)

Ciena · Information Technology · Communications Equipment

$371.95

52w 89.41 – 637.51

20y monthly, adjusted

Mkt cap

$52.7B

P/E

450.4

P/FCF

83.5

FCF yield

1.2%

ROE

4.5%

Shldr yield

0.6%

div 0.0% + bb 0.6%

What today's price assumes

At $52.7B, the market is pricing in 27.3% annual free-cash-flow growth for the next decade (10% discount rate, 2.5% terminal growth). Over the last ten years, FCF actually grew 12.8% per year — the price asks for acceleration beyond the historical record.

Simple DCF per-share range: $72 · $136 · $170 (4% / base / optimistic growth). An estimate, not a target.

Adjust the assumptions yourself →

Historical multiple lens

At its own median P/OCF of 17.4× across 15 years, CIEN would trade near $99/share (25th–75th percentile: $80–$163); it trades at 65.3× today.

Assumes the historical multiple regime persists — re-ratings can be permanent.

Growth record

Compound annual growth rates from as-filed 10-K data, split-adjusted

Rev 3y

+9.5%

Rev 5y

+6.2%

Rev 10y

+6.9%

EPS 5y

−18.2%

EPS 10y

+23.9%

FCF 5y

+10.1%

FCF 10y

+12.8%

Fundamentals

Fiscal 2008–2025, from SEC filings

Revenue

2008: $902.4M
2009: $652.6M
2010: $1.2B
2011: $1.7B
2012: $1.8B
2013: $2.1B
2014: $2.3B
2015: $2.4B
2016: $2.6B
2017: $2.8B
2018: $3.1B
2019: $3.6B
2020: $3.5B
2021: $3.6B
2022: $3.6B
2023: $4.4B
2024: $4.0B
2025: $4.8B
$0$2.0B$4.0B
08
11
14
17
20
23

Net income

2008: $38.9M
2009: −$581.2M
2010: −$333.5M
2011: −$195.5M
2012: −$144.0M
2013: −$85.4M
2014: −$40.6M
2015: $11.7M
2016: $72.6M
2017: $1.3B
2018: −$344.7M
2019: $253.4M
2020: $361.3M
2021: $500.2M
2022: $152.9M
2023: $254.8M
2024: $84.0M
2025: $123.3M
−$500.0M$0$500.0M$1.0B
08
11
14
17
20
23

Free cash flow

2008: $87.6M
2009: −$16.7M
2010: −$280.2M
2011: −$142.9M
2012: $59.0M
2013: $864.0K
2014: $41.6M
2015: $200.0M
2016: $182.3M
2017: $140.3M
2018: $161.6M
2019: $350.6M
2020: $411.0M
2021: $462.1M
2022: −$258.6M
2023: $62.1M
2024: $377.9M
2025: $665.3M
−$250.0M$0$250.0M$500.0M
08
11
14
17
20
23

Diluted shares (lower is better)

2008: 110.6M
2009: 91.2M
2010: 93.1M
2011: 95.9M
2012: 99.3M
2013: 102.3M
2014: 105.8M
2015: 120.1M
2016: 150.7M
2017: 169.9M
2018: 143.7M
2019: 157.6M
2020: 156.0M
2021: 156.7M
2022: 152.2M
2023: 149.4M
2024: 146.0M
2025: 145.2M
050.0M100.0M150.0M
08
11
14
17
20
23

Margins

-100%-50%0%50%081114172023
Net marginFCF marginGross margin

Capital returned (dividends + buybacks)

2016: $0
2017: $0
2018: $111.0M
2019: $150.1M
2020: $74.5M
2021: $91.3M
2022: $500.8M
2023: $242.2M
2024: $254.5M
2025: $334.5M
$0$200.0M$400.0M
08
11
14
17
20
23

Cash vs long-term debt

$500.0M$1.0B$1.5B081114172023
CashLT debt

Quarterly

Discrete quarters from 10-Q filings; Q4 derived as fiscal year minus Q1–Q3. OCF is unwound from the year-to-date figures 10-Qs report. Compare to the same quarter a year ago — most businesses are seasonal.

Revenue by quarter

Q2'23: $1.1B
Q3'23: $1.1B
Q4'23: $1.1B
Q1'24: $1.0B
Q2'24: $910.8M
Q3'24: $942.3M
Q4'24: $1.1B
Q1'25: $1.1B
Q2'25: $1.1B
Q3'25: $1.2B
Q4'25: $1.4B
Q1'26: $1.4B
Q2'26: $1.6B
$0$500.0M$1.0B$1.5B
23
24
24
25
26

Net income by quarter

Q2'23: $57.7M
Q3'23: $29.7M
Q4'23: $91.2M
Q1'24: $49.5M
Q2'24: −$16.8M
Q3'24: $14.2M
Q4'24: $37.0M
Q1'25: $44.6M
Q2'25: $9.0M
Q3'25: $50.3M
Q4'25: $19.5M
Q1'26: $150.3M
Q2'26: $218.2M
$0$100.0M$200.0M
23
24
24
25
26
QuarterRevenueYoYNet incomeYoYEPSOCF
Q2'26$1.6B+39.5%$218.2M+2333.0%1.49$259.7M
Q1'26$1.4B+33.1%$150.3M+237.2%1.03$227.6M
Q4'25 *$1.4B+20.3%$19.5M−47.4%0.13$371.1M
Q3'25$1.2B+29.4%$50.3M+253.5%0.35$174.3M
Q2'25$1.1B+23.6%$9.0M0.06$156.9M
Q1'25$1.1B+3.3%$44.6M−10.0%0.31$103.7M
Q4'24 *$1.1B−0.5%$37.0M−59.4%0.26$349.4M
Q3'24$942.3M−11.8%$14.2M−52.1%0.10−$159.4M
Q2'24$910.8M−19.6%−$16.8M−129.2%-0.12$58.5M
Q1'24$1.0B−1.8%$49.5M−35.0%0.34$266.1M
Q4'23 *$1.1B+16.3%$91.2M+58.2%0.62$195.5M
Q3'23$1.1B+23.0%$29.7M+182.8%0.20$8.7M
Q2'23$1.1B+19.3%$57.7M+48.1%0.38$229.8M

Track record

Compound annual growth by period. For debt and share count, negative is the good direction.

Series3y5y10y15y
Revenue+9.5%+6.2%+6.9%+9.4%
Operating cash flow+10.5%+10.3%+11.9%+34.0%
Free cash flow+9.5%+10.1%+12.8%+12.7%
EPS (diluted)−5.3%−18.2%+23.9%+4.2%
Equity+0.2%+1.7%+16.0%+20.9%
LT debt+12.8%+17.6%+1.8%
Diluted shares−1.5%−1.4%+1.9%+3.0%
Stock price+95.2%+45.5%+33.0%+25.6%

$100, 3 years ago

$744vs $176 in SPY

95.2% vs 20.7%/yr

$100, 5 years ago

$651vs $181 in SPY

45.5% vs 12.6%/yr

$100, 10 years ago

$1,734vs $412 in SPY

33.0% vs 15.2%/yr

$100, 15 years ago

$3,039vs $813 in SPY

25.6% vs 15.0%/yr

The $1 test — market value created per $1 of earnings retained (Buffett's hurdle: at least $1)

Last 5 years

$20.33

$22.7B created / $1.1B retained

Last 10 years

$9.80

$26.7B created / $2.7B retained

Quality & capital discipline

Cash-based returns and how management deploys capital

Cash ROIC

19.0%

OCF ÷ (equity + debt)

OCF / EV yield

1.4%

MC vs 10× OCF

6.89

≤1 = priced under 10× OCF

Debt / FCF

2.3y

SBC / FCF

27.7%

Owner earnings

$480.8M

OCF − capex − SBC

OE yield

0.9%

Share count 5y

+1.6%

per year; negative = buybacks

Capital intensity

net PP&E ÷ revenue

Sales efficiency

$0.12

new PP&E per $1 new revenue, 5y

Growth engine (5y): reinvested 57.1% of operating cash flow at an incremental return of 29.4% — an organically fundable growth rate of about 16.8% per year (growth ≈ reinvestment rate × incremental ROIC).

Checklist

16 of 27 checks pass · 59%. Checks with structurally missing inputs are excluded.

Growth & Consistency

6/7

  • Revenue growth

    6.2% · 5y CAGR ≥ 5%

    pass
  • EPS growth

    -18.2% · 5y CAGR ≥ 5%

    fail
  • FCF growth

    10.1% · 5y CAGR ≥ 5%

    pass
  • Revenue rises consistently

    7 of 9 · up in ≥ 7 of last 10 years

    pass
  • FCF consistently positive

    9 of 10 · positive in ≥ 8 of last 10 years

    pass
  • Profitable every year

    9 of 10 · net income > 0 in ≥ 8 of last 10

    pass
  • Cash flow keeps up with sales

    10.3% vs 6.2% · OCF CAGR ≥ 0.9× revenue CAGR

    pass

Profitability

4/7

  • Net margin

    2.6% · ≥ 8%

    fail
  • Operating margin

    4.1% · ≥ 10%

    fail
  • Gross margin stable or rising

    42.0% vs 43.0% · no drop > 2 pts over 3y

    pass
  • Return on equity

    4.5% · ≥ 12%

    fail
  • Cash ROIC

    19.0% · ≥ 12%

    pass
  • FCF margin

    13.9% · ≥ 5%

    pass
  • Earnings back their cash

    OCF $806.1M vs NI $123.3M · OCF ≥ net income (latest FY)

    pass

Balance Sheet

4/5

  • Debt payable from cash flow

    2.3y · LT debt ≤ 3× FCF

    pass
  • Cash cushion

    72% · cash ≥ 50% of LT debt

    pass
  • Leverage

    0.56 · LT debt ≤ 1.5× equity

    pass
  • Equity positive and compounding

    $2.7B · equity > 0 and grew over ~5y

    pass
  • Interest burden

    45% · interest ≤ 15% of operating income

    fail

Capital Allocation

2/4

  • Share count flat or shrinking

    1.6% · ≤ +0.5%/yr over ~5y

    fail
  • Stock comp restrained

    28% · SBC ≤ 15% of FCF

    fail
  • Distributions funded by FCF

    50% · dividends + buybacks ≤ 100% of FCF

    pass
  • Repurchases are a habit

    8 of 10 · buybacks in ≥ 5 of last 10 years

    pass

Valuation Discipline

0/4

  • FCF yield

    1.2% · ≥ 3%

    fail
  • Earnings multiple

    450.4 · P/E ≤ 25

    fail
  • Price asks less than history delivered

    27.3% vs 12.8% · implied FCF growth ≤ historical FCF CAGR

    fail
  • Shareholder yield

    0.6% · dividends + buybacks ≥ 2% of market cap

    fail

Financial data

As filed in 10-Ks; per-share figures split-adjusted. $ in millions.

FYRevenueGross profitOp incomeNet incomeEPSOCFCapExFCFDividendsBuybacksSBCCashLT debtEquityShares
20254,7702,0051981230.858061416653351851,0921,5242,729145
20244,0151,720167840.585151373782551569351,5332,816146
20234,3871,8793582551.71168106622421301,0111,5432,848149
20223,6331,5602231531.00-16891-2595011059941,0612,713152
20213,6211,7224955003.195428046291841,4236703,020157
20203,5321,6534873612.324948341175681,0896762,510156
20193,5721,5423472531.6141363351150609046802,173158
20183,0941,315230-345-2.4922968162111537451,929144
20172,8021,2462151,2627.53235951400486415842,136170
20162,6011,162156730.512901071820527781,017766151
20152,4461,076100120.1026262200557911,272621120
20142,28894846-41-0.38904842435871,275-70106
20132,083865-2-85-0.8345441383461,212-83102
20121,834724-80-144-1.45107485932642-8999
20111,742709-163-196-2.04-9052-143385421496
20101,237498-322-334-3.58-22951-2803668915993
2009653285-579-581-6.37724-173448645691
200890245122390.42118308831551999111

Some concepts are structurally absent for certain industries (banks report no gross profit or capex). Missing ≠ zero.